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Reserve
1 Xianghai National Reserve，with a total area of 1055 sqkm，is located in the Songliao Plain in Tungyu County in the western part of Jilin Province. It borders the Keerqin Plain of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region to the west. Within the reserve，the sand dunes wind and meander；the bright ripples spread；the yellow elms start dancing；the seas of reed and clusters of grass ripple in the breeze. It is the world-wide famous wetland ecosystem reserve. There are over 600 species of wild plants，293 species of rare birds and 6 species of cranes，which are indicator species of the wetland and of great importance in protecting eco-environment. Now more than 60 of 1500 rare red-crowned cranes in the world live and multiply here.
2 Xianghai’s charm lies in“beauty in nature and value in primitive”.Xianghai possesses four honors: the first honor is National Forest and Wildlife approved by the State Council of People’s Republic of China；the second is Grade A Reserve examined and appraised by the World-wildlife Fund；the third is in the list of International Important Wetland；and the fourth is listed among the protection network of China approved by National Man and Biosphere Committee.
3 There is a saying concerning Jilin’s provincial two key spots:“There is the Changbai Mountain in the east and Xianghai in the west.”From this we can see that Xianghai can match the Changbai Mountain in tourism，shining in glory.
4“Home in Xianghai”，a scenic film was played several times by CCTV. Moreover，it has won the qualification in the 5th Sandiou International Bio-conservation Film Festival. In 1992，Li Peng，former Premier of China，took the film to play in the World Environment and Development Summit. As a result，Xianghai has been renowned all over the world.
5 Inthe reserve there are three water systems interflowing: the Huolin River in the south，the Eertai River in the west and the Taoer River Diversion Works in the north. Consequently，a big reed-marshland with the Xianghai Reservoir took into shape. The desert is dispersed in belt. And in the desert，grasslands，lakes，marshlands dunes，elm forests and bushes crisscross. Here，the reserve has a varied eco-environment with species of living things in filtration. On the winding and undulating dunes，the Mongolian yellow elms grow fine in full grace. Lakes scatter all over like stars in the sky；cattails grow thick and reed flowers whirl beautifully in the breeze. In the boundless fields，the green grass is like a carpet，and a hundred of flowers are in full blossom. The varied vegetation and rich resources make Xianghai a comfortable reproducing area for a hundred of birds and a passage of migrant birds in spring and autumn.
6 They settle sown and multiply here. In spring and autumn，they stop to get feed and conserve strength and store up energy. Xianghai is a playground where eagles fly，cranes dance and rare birds get together.
7 The natural rich resources have shaped Xianghai a lot of landscapes，such as the rare-bird landscape with the Mongolian elm as its leader，the aquatic plant landscape with the reed and cattail as its leader，the human landscape with ice-bathing as its leader，the folk landscape with“hand-hold-meat”as its leader and the historic site landscape with the tall elm and old temple as its leader.
8 If we say that the breeze makes the tree alive，the white wave making the sea surge，the cloud making the sky beautiful，the same is true of the bird in Xianghai. Xianghai is the heaven of birds，which exist everywhere from the water to the sky，from the marshland to the grassland，from the dune to the reed pond. On the lake bands we can also find grassland birds，wetland birds and treenest birds competing for grace. The bright ripples spread；mandarin ducks are playing in the water，which suggests the eternal love. The sky is clear and blue，in which the eagle is hovering，which suggests lofty aspiration. When you walk in the hilly woods，you can see birds flying in or over them. And you are transported to Du Fu’s poetic grace:
Two golden orioles sing amid the willows green，
A flock of white egrets flies into the blue sky.
9 You see the wild ducks and swan geese are returning home at dusk. And you are transported to the mood of the following of a poem:
The dusk-glow and a loneyduck are flying together，
The autumn water and sky are the same in color.
10 It is the red-crown cranes that are most beautiful. Please look at each of them: the body is snow-white；the head is red；two wings are whirling about；and it smells of fragrance. Sometimes they are walking slightly and we feel as if the poplars and willows are whispering with the spring wind. Sometimes they are leaping in full grace and we feel as if they are fairy，after stealing the herb of immortality，flying to the moon，presenting the poetic grace as follows:
A crane flying into the clear sky，
Leads a poetic charm to the sky.
An Evaluation Book of Cranes in ancient China describes their feature and habitual:“The body is clear and its color is white；the head is red；and its cry is sensuous.”There are sayings depicting cranes“A crane sings on the high banks of the river，and its sound can be heard in the sky”.“The beak is long because it is used to catch fish”.“The leg is long because it nests on the land”.“The feather is soft and the flesh is lean because it flies in the sky”.“Its throat is big and its neck is long，which is good at breathing and helps to live long”. In the folk，the crane is a symbol of fortunate and longevity，hence，we often find the drawings of pines and cranes used to present longevity. There are also some sayings that cranes live，grow and multiply in the wetland and it is the king of the feather. In Chinese classic literature it is the companion，so it is known as an immortal crane.
11 Xianghai is a kingdom of plants. There are many species of rare trees. Now take the Mongolian Yellow Elms for example. Thery are green in lines，and grow fine with full grace. They seem to have intelligence for they are infused with the Mongolian blood. They look like the old ivy covering a column or the lord waving a whip，or a drag crossing the river—we can say all this is superb. The same is true of apricot trees. They are sweet far and near. The trees，one cluster after another，like the fairies in the colorful dress，are dancing in the breeze，showing their attraction and affection. All this shows:
Clusters of yellow elms are covered with dew in the morning，
Their beautiful flowers in 10-Li: reflect rosy dawn.
12. And Xianghai is a kingdom of animals，presenting the harmony between human beings and animals. When you enter the bushes，you can find hares looking at you foolishly which whet your appetite for chase. As a result，sound produces and deer，one flock after another，are startled to run about. When you shout，the fish-drinking roe deer are looking at you foolishly. In the quiet night，you can hear the wild boars grunting in the bushes. Do you know why？They are searching for food. Xianghai is the paradise of animals，and it is strange that the wolf has become the protected animal.
13 Here we are in the View Tower，32 m high. It is located in the tourist area. If you stand on the tower，you can find the scene is charming. The accumulated dune stretches，rising and falling. The broad grassland is refreshing green everywhere. The lakes and streams are scattering all over the area. In the ponds the birds are singing. The field of reed and cattail is vast and the green water ripples. All this panoramic view comes to our eyes.
14 Here we are in the Reserve Museum，which is like a natural zoo. More than a zoo，rare birds and animals specimens are true to life: wolves dressing in frost and snow，swans behaving cinereous vultures spreading wings，wild hares running in the snow，egrets whose beaks are like a plucked string instrument，vultures casting a fierce eye，wild geese and ducks flying in packs，and the red-crowned cranes stretching necks and spreading wings. Look at the pictures. This is a picture of white badgers wrestling. This is a picture of cranes spreading wings and this is a picture of wild geese dancing. This is a picture of immortal cranes feeding babies. All these pictures will carry you to the miraculous animal world.
15 Here we are in Xianghai Temple. Xianghai originated from a temple. In 1664，when Emperor Kangxi began his reign，he ordered to build a lamasery named Qinghai Temple. In 1784，Emperor Qianlong headed a group of 34 important ministers such as Liu Rong and He Shen，disguised themselves for a visit of some time. The emperor was obsessed with the fact that the Chinese characters of“青”and“清”were different，the former was lack of 3 strokes of“氵”，suggest that the half of the Qing Dynasty’s power was removed. He was so angry that he ordered to turn Qinghai Temple into Fuxing Temple，and inscribed in person the tablet in Manchurian，Chinese，Mongolian and Tibetan and left inscription on two tablets.
One is:
Clouds are floating and cranes dancing，
Grassland is green and trace sacred.
Another is:
Fuxing Temple is a holy place.
Drumes are fortunate and Clocks harmonious.
16 Because the tablets are made of wood，the inscription is gone. Its fortunate Journal of Fuxing Temple is maintained is Ronghe Palace in Beijing. Many years later Reian，a Buddha incarnate，traveled here and the temple was recompleted.
17 Fuxing Temple Fair is held every year. People often come here for pray. In addition，Emperor Kangxi and the 34 ministers came here twice. And in 1928 the Panchen Erderni was said to spread scripture and 1080 lamas came to listen and many others were initialed into monkhood. So Fuxing Temple became repute so a number of devout prayers came to burn joss sticks，the smoke of joss sticks curled up filling the air. Thun Xianghai Temple was named.
18 Inabout 1945，the Anti-Japanese War surged forward in Northeast China，Xianghai Temple became the military camp as well as the refugee camp. In March，1946，“Si”was changed into“Miao”because of so-called superstition，but the English version is the same. And then temple was empty and in 1972，one year of ten years of“Cultural Revolution”，the temple was thoroughly destroyed.
19. In 1994，Xianghai Temple，a historical site，was reconstructed into the original shape. Zhao Puchu，late chairman of China Buddhist Association，inscribed Xianghai Temple. Now the newly-built temple shines in her glory both in scale and technique.
20 Once you enter the gate of the temple，you will be attracted by some old and tall elms. They are lush and green. The elm is so big that two men cannot get their arms around it. The elms are the witness of Xianghai of yesterday and of today. The locals love them，and regard them as holy trees. Look at the red strips on the branches tied by farmers，which suggests that they wish their children safe and sound and wish their children who are married have sons and daughters as soon as possible.
21 If you want to experience the birds atmosphere，we can get to a Hundred-Bird Nests in the hole for Huisha swallows to live in. The Hundred-Bird Nests lies on the northern side of an isolated island. You can get there by boat or steamed-ship. You can observe that thousands of swallows smaller than sparrows hovering in the sky，non-stop twittering. If you observe carefully，you can find the northern side of the island is a flat weathered by the monsoon. On the surface of the flat，there are thousands of thousands of holes of 5 sqcm，which are the home of Huisha swallows. They can recognize their own homes，going in with food or water. You can enjoy bathing in the fresh dew of the Xianghai Lake，hearing the birds singing，the unforgettable context，harmonizing man and nature.
22 Now we are in the Island of Immortal Cranes 4 km away from the Reserve Authorities. This island is surrounded by water on three sides and by mountain on one side. On the island the plants are varied，bushes lush and green. In the land and pond，the cattail and reed are taller than men，growing thickly patch after patch. The good ecological environment and fine scenic view provide an excellent condition for raising and taming of rare birds and Arcadia for bird-amateurs to take pictures and to observe them carefully. The cages are in classic and graceful，unique shape. In the cages of rare birds，there are goo-figured white badgers，quick-minded gray cranes，clever and nimble alpine rush cranes. In the cages of fierce birds there are white-tailed sea vultures whose beak is as hard as a steel hook，white-tailed sparrow hawks flying up and down，cinereous vultures who like“animals”internal. In the spherical cages there are larks singing non-stop，reed-birds eating reed flowers，hawfinches cracking sun-flower seeds. The most worth seeing is man-taming red-crowned cranes. No matter what cranes are，he-cranes or babies are able to comb their feather clean. Sometimes they are standing erect on the platform out of their cages. Sometimes they are stretching their necks and raising their heads，stamping on the floor，opening feathers and showing wings，and dancing slightly. And sometimes they are taking off，flapping their wings，and gliding in the sky，higher and higher. When flying they are stretching their necks forward and long legs backward—they are flying from time to time. What a sensuous picture it is，which reminds us of such sightseeing:
Sings on the high river bank a crane.
Its sound can be heard in the heaven.